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Final Congress Guide

Therapeutics

1000 Section - Quantitative Grading of Temperature Parameters for Transcranial Cooling Stimulation: A Finite Element Simulation Study

Tuesday, May 19, 2026
6:00 PM - 7:30 PM PT

    Presenting Author/Autor expositor(s)

  • CQ

    Chenye Qiao, PhD

    PHD
    Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University
    Beijing, Beijing, China (People's Republic)

    • Co-Author(s)

  • SQ

    Shuyan Qie, PhD

    PhD
    BEIJING REHABILITATION HOSPITAL AFFILIATED TO CAPITAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
    Beijing, Beijing, China (People's Republic)

  • YW

    YIngpeng Wang, PhD

    Dr.
    Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University
    Beijing, Beijing, China (People's Republic)

  • cw

    congxiao wang, MD

    Dr.
    BEIJING REHABILITATION HOSPITAL AFFILIATED TO CAPITAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
    Beijing, Beijing, China (People's Republic)

  • NL

    Ning Li, PhD

    PHD
    Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University
    Beijing, Beijing, China (People's Republic)

  • HW

    Hujun Wang, MA

    Dr.
    BEIJING REHABILITATION HOSPITAL AFFILIATED TO CAPITAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
    Beijing, Beijing, China (People's Republic)

  • YL

    Yingqi Li, MS

    Dr.
    Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital, Capital Medical University
    Beijing, Beijing, China (People's Republic)

Objectives : Transcranial Cooling Stimulation (TCS) demonstrates promising therapeutic potential in regulating cognitive function and neurorehabilitation; however, variability in temperature parameters limits its clinical application. This study aims to construct a quantitative grading system for TCS temperature intensity and evaluate the physiological effects of varying stimulation temperatures on the human brain using numerical simulation.

Design: Utilizing the Finite Element Method (FEM) on the COMSOL Multiphysics 6.1 platform, a five-layer cephalic heat transfer model (scalp, skull, CSF, gray/white matter) was constructed based on standardized adult MRI data. Simulations analyzed temperature distributions ranging from 0°C to 37°C to evaluate tissue penetration depth, autoregulatory power, and vascular indices. Model reliability was validated via mesh convergence testing and experimental comparison, followed by K-means clustering for parameter categorization.

Results:

Simulation results indicated that TCS influences brain tissue to a depth of 40 mm. Based on physiological responses, temperature parameters were stratified into three grades: Grade I (0°C–11°C, the Effective Intensity Zone) characterized by strong physiological responses with high vascular indices and autoregulatory power, suitable for scenarios requiring potent stimulation; Grade II (12°C–24°C, the Safe Intensity Zone) elicits moderate physiological regulation and represents the optimal balance between safety and efficacy for clinical applications. Grade III (25°C–37°C, the Risk Warning Intensity Zone) generates minimal temperature gradients and weak physiological responses (difference from core temperature < 12°C), indicating a risk of ineffective treatment.

Conclusion: This study establishes a quantitative three-tier grading system comprising the Effective Perception, Safe Response, and Risk Warning Zones. This framework facilitates the development of personalized thermal modulation devices and optimizes parameter selection. Future research should integrate individual variability to further validate TCS efficacy in neurorehabilitation and active health domains.